Studio Classroom- December 9 (Wed.)- [Organizations] Shoes With Soul

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：Soul of Africa makes this all possible.
• "to make something possible" means "to cause something to become possible"
• Use this phrase when you want to explain how someone or something enables something else to happen.
• ex:
  1. The new law makes it possible for children from low-income families to receive free education.
  2. The alarm system was broken, making it possible for the thief to break into the house.

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic: Different Teams - Team 的不同涵義 ←Click it!!
• team(v.) up with someone 與某人協力合作
  - to join someone or a group of people to help them do something
• (players) on a team 隊員(屬於)某隊、某團隊
  - players play on a team
  - When you play on a team or work with others in a group, there must be lots of teamwork.
• teamwork 團隊精神
  - work together as a team in order to achieve a goal, and in order to do so you need to be a teamplayer
• teamplayer 有團隊精神的隊員
  - If I am a teamplayer that means I work well with the other players.
  - [比] player 隊員 - anyone on a team is a player
  - You don't have to on a sports team in order to be a teamplayer, this term can be use for those working in any kind of group.

【Language Tips】

1. stitch v. 用針縫合；繡
   ex:
   1. Mom stitched my little brother's name on his schoolbag.
   2. I stitched a new button on my trousers after the original one fell off.
   - trouser n. 褲子
   3. It only took the doctor 5 minutes to stitch up my wound.
   - stitch up 縫合
   - wound n. 傷口
2. unemployed adj.失業的，沒有工作的(例1)；n. 失業者(例2)
   (un-否定字首；employed adj. 受雇用的)
   ex:
   1. Larry has been unemployed for over 6 months now.
   2. The unemployed of the country have become a social problem.
3. sole n. 腳底，鞋底，襪子的底部
   (與"soul"是同音字)
   ex:
   1. The sole of this shoe needs to be repaired.
   2. There are several holes in the soles of his socks. 襪底有好幾個破洞
   3. The soles of these boots are starting to get worn out
   - get worn out 開始磨損
   - wear, wore, worn, wear.ing, wears v. 磨損，磨破，穿壞，耗損

Studio Classroom- November 14- [Animal Tales] The Turning Point 轉捩點

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic：Other Than the Company Yahoo - 非雅虎公司的yahoo ←Click it!!
• 本文："Yahoo!" they all cheered.
• Nowadays when we hear the name "Yahoo", we can think about the website or the American company that runs it, but "yahoo" was acturally an interjection that express "joy"-"Yahoo!" 高聲歡呼
• An interjection is word that express kind of emotion, like words like "Ouch" or "Wow" are interjections. 感嘆詞
• similar to "yahoo": "yippee". "hurray"
• 為何雅虎公司選"yahoo"當作公司名？
  Yahoo Incooperate got it's name from another reference, the founder select the name because they like the word other definition meaning: unsophisticated, and this definition comes from the novel "Gulliver's travels", in that story, there's a group creature call the "Yahoos", and now "Yahoo" when it is a noun, refer to more unsophisticated people.
  是因為創辦人喜歡yahoo在詞典中的另一個定義：不文明的人，來自於一本小說Gulliver's travels(格列弗遊記)，書中描述了一種叫作"yahoo"的怪物，後因此書的暢銷，"yahoo"自此有了新的定義，即表示"不文明的人"。

【Language Tips】

1. call upon v-phr.
   pattern: call upon/call on someone to do something 要求/請求/號召某人作某事
   ex:
   1. Greg called upon his whole family to help him move.
   2. We are calling upon all students to donate money to help the earthquake survivors.
2. turn up one's nose [idiom] 把鼻子抬得高高的，意即瞧不起，不屑
   pattern: turn up one's nose at someone
   ex:
   1. Victor turned up his nose at several job offers and ended up missing out on many good opportunities. (對好幾個公司提出的條件都不屑一顧)
   2. Ray always turns up his nose at fruits and vegetables. He would rather eat junk food.
3. pig out phr. 大吃大喝，狼吞虎嚥
   (pig, pigged, pigged)
   pattern: pig out on something
   ex: We pigged out on the turkey and pumpkin pie during Thanksgiving dinner.
   - pumpkin pie 南瓜派

Studio Classroom- November 13- [Animal Tales] The Turning Point 轉捩點

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：“Now what?”the farmer signed.
• “Now what?”is an expression that often used in informal speaking situations where the speaker is frustrated with the problem.
• In the case of today's story, the farmer was having a trouble .. turning out of the ground, he try and he try but coundn't do it, so he was frustrated and signed“Now what?”which is a short form“Now what do I do?”or“Now what should we do?”
• “Now what?”can be a short way of saying a number of things that express frustration.
  ex:
  1. If a person keeps coming back to brother you with questions.
  You could say:“Now what?”to mean“Now what is it?”.
  2. If you are tired of customers complain, but you have to answer one more angry phone call.
  You could say:“Now what?”to mean“Now what else is wrong?”.
• This expression“Now what?”is used when the speaker was frustrated or becoming upset about something.

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic：Young Animal Names - 幼小動物的別名 ←Click it!!
• Q：What's the difference between a "pig" and a "piglet"?
  A：A piglet is a young pig, like a puppy is a young dog.
• Lots of young animals has different names in English:

1. puppy/pup：a young dog 小狗
2. kitten：a young cat 小貓
3. cub：a young bear/lion/tiger/fox 小熊/小獅子/小老虎/小狐狸
4. calf：a young cow 小牛
5. duckling：a young duck 小鴨
6. bunny：a young rabbit 小兔子
7. fry：a young fish 幼小的魚
8. colt：a young horse 小馬
   [比] pony：a brief of horse that small inside 指體型較小的馬，而不是指幼馬
9. chick：a young chicken
   ※ Is a chick a young women?
   Well, you need to be careful with the word, chick is a slang word(俚語) for young women, but some women find it ..., so it's best to used only to describe a young chicken.
   "chick"被稱為年輕女性是俚語用法，但有的女性認為如此稱呼被冒犯或是很不正經的字眼，如同中文的"妞"，因此使用上需注意。

【Language Tips】

1. toss and turn 睡不著覺時翻來覆去
   (toss v. 翻滾；turn v. 轉動)
   ex:
   1. I was tossing and turning all night because of today's exam.
   2. Larry tossed and turned the whole night because he was worried about his presentation.
2. squeal v. 發出長而尖的叫聲
   ex:
   1. "No way!" the boy squealed when the doctor tried to give him a shot.
   2. The kids squealed with joy when they heard they were going swimming.
3. turn on+受詞 v-phr. 攻擊、批評某人；打開某種電器(例2)
   ex:
   1. Wesley suddenly turned on his little sister and made her cry.
   2. Sam turned on the radio as soon as he started his car.

Studio Classroom- November 12- [Careers] Coping With a Job You Hate

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic: Different Treats - Treat 的動、名詞 ←Click it!!
• ex: It's a real treat(n.) to be here with you because you always treat(v.) everybody so nicely.
  n. 一件另人愉快的事
  - a treat means a pleasure or something you enjoy
  v. 對待
  - you "treat" everyone nicely, the verb here means you behavior nicely toward everyone.
• n./v. 請客
  - I'll treat you to lunch. - That means I'll pay.
  - If a person invite you to lunch or dinner and say "my treat", that means he or she is going to pay.
  ex:
  - My treat! 我請客
  - It's my treat this time. 這次輪到我請客
• 本文：treat yourself 犒賞自己，買東西送給自己之意
  - means buy yourself something special that you won't normally get

【Language Tips】

1. intact adj. 完整無缺的，沒有受到任何損傷的
   ex:
   1. We used extra tape on the packing box to make sure the glass vase would still be intact after the move.
   2. The beautiful painting survived and was even intact after the flood(水災).
2. burn one's bridges [idiom] 燒斷自己的橋→意即：作事不留退路
   ex:
   1. Albert really burned his bridges when he quit his job so suddenly.
   ~突然的辭職真是自絕退路
   2. Madison burned her bridges so badly with her company that people laughed when they heard her name.
   ~完全斷了自己回公司的退路，他們聽聞她的名字還會嘲笑一番
3. keep one's chin up [idiom] 讓自己的下巴抬高高→意即：在困難中保持樂觀，不氣餒
   ex:
   1. Even though we lost the big game, we still keep our chins up because we tried our best.
   2. Frank is having a tough time, but he still keeps his chin up.

Studio Classroom- November 11- [Careers] Coping With a Job You Hate

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  Use your time to make yourself a better candidate down the road.
• "down the road" is an idiom that means: "in the future" or "at a later time"
  = Use your time to make yourself a better candidate in the future.
• This idiom comes from the idea that if we did see life as a journey which were traveling on a road, then we will be somewhere down the road in the future.
• This is a very common expression that we can use to talk about plans or events of a later time.
• ex:
  1. Jim doesn't want to have a girlfriend right now, but does want to find a wife later.
  We can say: Although Jim isn't interested in dating right now, he does want to get married down the road.
  2. Stella has been teaching for five years, but she is thinking change job later.
  We can say: Stella has been teaching for five years, but she thinks she might change careers somewhere down the road.

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic: Down Idioms - Down的相關片語 ←Click it!

1. (someone) look/feel down: 顯得很低沉，沮喪
   - appear a little sad or unhappy
2. down the road(本文): 未來
   - in the future
   - ex: You must be thinking hard of something down the road.
3. (be) hands down 毫無疑問的，明確的
   - certainly without dispute
   - ex: Jim is hands down the best student in class.
4. be down
   - ex: Don't you be down, be a courage.

【Language Tips】

1. yearn v. 思念，渴望，嚮往
   pattern: yearn for something
   ex:
   1. Depite his success as a star, he still yearns for his parent's approval.
   2. Patricia yearns for a quiet vacation by the lake with her husband.
2. blow off steam [idiom] 紓解壓力
   (blow v. 吹；steam 原意指蒸氣，延伸意義為壓力)
   ex:
   1. Rita usually goes biking to blow off steam.
   2. Don't take it personally when Tom acts like that. He's just blowing off some steam.
   - do not take it personally 不要認為是在針對你
3. unwind v. 鬆開，放鬆
   (wind v. 轉緊) (unwind, unwound, unwound)
   ex:
   1. The nurse gently unwound the patient's bandages(繃帶).
   2. Listening to music helps me unwind after a long hard day.
4. cope : means to handle a difficult situation with success.

Studio Classroom- October 12- [Arts] Music to Patients' Ears

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic: Ear Idioms - 有「耳朵」的片語

1. It's music to my ears.
   字面意義:就像聽在我耳朵裡的音樂，
   音樂是悅耳的，大家都愛聽，所以當聽到一個好消息、一個好聽的話、便可使用此idiom
   [idiom] music to one's ears
   -Music is something we generally enjoy, so something is music to my ears that either very pleasing information or excellent news.
   ex:
   If your boss told you, he was giving you a 10 thousand dollars raise, you can say: That's a music to my ears.
2. be all ears 洗耳恭聽之意
   - to be all ears means to be very eager to hear what someone is going to say
   - ex: I'm all ears! 好像全身都長滿了耳朵，準備要聽對方講話
3. be fulling on deaf ears 好像沒聽進去，有聽到但是沒有反應
   - ex: If you were calling for help, but people don't respond, you can say: My calls for help are fulling on deaf ears.
   - It means to be ignored by the people who heard you.
4. to be wet behind the ears 當動物剛出生時，全身都是濕濕的，此成語表示涉世未深，還很幼稚，沒有經驗的
   - refers to be young, and not very experienced, you know how baby animals when they were born are very wet, that's the phrase came from.
5. (get) an earful 聽到一大堆的話，聽到大量的消息(但帶有負面意義)
   ex:
   1. I've got quite an earful from his chater! 我聽夠了他那些沒完沒了的話
   2. The boy got an earful of his father's scolding. 男孩聽夠了爸爸的斥責
   - scolding n. 叱責, 責罵

【Language Tips】

1. tap into something v-phr. 利用，開發(例1)；連上線(例2)
   (tap: 從某處接出液體來)
   (tap, tapped, tapped, tapping)
   ex:
   1. Many companies tapped into the cheap labor of this contry to make a fortune.
   2. She's capable of tapping into many wealthy investors. 她有辦法和許多金主的投資者連上線
2. therapist n. 治療師 / therapy n. 治療法(例4)
   ex:
   1. a language/speech therapist 語言治療師
   2. a physical therapist 復健師
   3. a therapist 心理治療師
   4. The patient was in therapy for years. 已接受治療多年
3. counteract v. 起反作用，抵消，中合
   (counter 反方向地；act 起作用)
   ex:
   1. Antioxidants can counteract the effects of aging. 抗氧化物可對抗老化帶來的影響
   2. Grapefruit juice sometimes counteracts the effects of medicine. 葡萄柚汁有時會抵消藥效

Studio Classroom- October 9- [Profile] Hsieh Chih-Mou (浪子回頭的教授：謝智謀)

【Chat Room】

• Teaching Topic: At-risk vs. Risky At-risk 與 Risky 的差別
  均與危險有關但用法不同：
• at risk：通常用於形容「人」，表示"有受虐危險的"或"有傳染疾病危險的"
  - It's more often used to describe people who need special care, usuall because of their family background or for in proper health care. ex: at risk children
  So, we should use "at risk" to describe the use in the article.
  - We can use this term with other things that in danger like animal or places, like at-risk panda or at-risk land. 可用於形容有受到危險的動物或地方
• risky：廣意的表示危險的，有風險的事或活動
  - the adj. can be used to talk about any situations or thing that involved danger,
  ex: Even through the doctor warm that the medical treatment was too risky, Dane decided to try it anyway.
• at risk of something 冒著某種危險(形容人)
  ex:
  1. at risk of losing their home;
  2. thouands of consumers were at risk of identity ...
  3. 本文：climbing mountain is especially risky for people with heart disease 物 be risky
  = Heart patients who climb mountains are at risk of more heart trouble. 人 be at risk of...
  → Climbing is risky, people are at risk of more heart trouble.

【Language Tips】

1. perse'vere v. 堅持不懈，不屈不撓
   pattern: persevere in/with ~ 堅持某事
   ex:
   1. Despite her illnessm, Helen perseveres in her attempt to finish college.
   2. If you persevere to achieve dream, one day your dream will come true.
2. fatal adj. 致命的
   ex:
   1. This contagious disease might be fatal.
   - contagious disease 傳染病
   2. The fatal car accident took his life.
   3. The coach made a fatal mistake and lost the game.
   - make a fatal mistake 犯了致命的錯誤
3. ascend v. 攀登，登上，上昇
   相反詞：descend 下降(例2)
   ex:
   1. The mountaineers were slowly ascending to the peak.
   2. The airplane is descending to the airport right now.

Studio Classroom- October 6- [Viewpoints] Which Do You Prefer: a Mac or a PC?

【Chat Room】

• user-friendly 對使用者友善的，意即方便使用的，此字最早出自於電腦的領域，表示讓使用者易於了解，輕鬆操作電腦程式(program)
  - It's easy to use!
• environmentally-friendly 對環境有善的，意即不傷害環境，有利於環境的(產品或作為)
  - is one of the many terms that came from "user-friendly"
  - if something is "environmentally-friendly", it doesn't harm environment.
• Q：What kind of things are "environmentally-friendly"?
  A：
  1. The car that use solar energy is more "environmentally-friendly" than a car runs on gasline. 一部使用太陽能的汽車比使用汽油的更有利於環境
  2. A certain behavior can also be considered "environmentally-friendly", for example, recycling is more "environmentally-friendly" than ... your garage on the ground. 資源回收亦為有利於環境的舉動
• Q：What are some of the other "friendly" expression we can learn?
  A：We can apply "friendly" almost any word that in the case of type of person, ex:
  1. child-friendly 對兒童有善的，不傷害兒童的
  - As a parent, we can make sure a certain restaurant is child-friendly, meaning it's safe for children to diet.
  2. pedestrian-friendly 不傷害行人的
  - It's safe to walk around without worry about cars going by.

【Language Tips】

1. compatible adj. 相容的(例1)；協調的，可一致的(例2)
   (com- 一起)
   ex:
   1. This new software might not be compatible with my computer system.
   2. After dating for a while, Nancy realized that she and Hank were not compatible.(合不來)
2. potentially adv. 可能地；潛在地
   (potential adj. 可能的，潛在的)
   ex:
   1. This new medicine might potentially become the number-one-selling medicine for diabetes(糖尿病).
   2. The potentially useful evidence was kept a secret from the public.
   - the potentially useful evidence 可能派得上用場的證據
3. innovative adj. 創新的，革新的
   (nov- 新)
   ex:
   1. This innovative software system will definitely replace many old ones.
   2. This scientist's innovative theory wasn't accepted when it was first introduced.

Studio Classroom- October 5- [Viewpoints] Which Do You Prefer: a Mac or a PC?

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  I think PCs are better computers, and they cost about half as much as Macs do.
• "half as much as..." is a very useful phrase when we are making comparsions, in the case of today's sentence, the speaker is comparing the price of PCs to the price of Macs, and basically the cost of getting a PC is about half the cost of getting a Mac, is half as much.
• ex:
  1. Janice's new job allow her to earn 3 times more than her previous job.
  We can say: Janice's new job lets her earn three times as much as the other job.
  2. Last year's class budget was 6 hundred dollars and this year is only 2 hundred.
  We can say: This year's class budget is a third as much as last year's.

【Chat Room】

• Are all computer systems created equal?
  → This phrase sounds very familiar with : All men are created equal. 人人生而平等。
  源自於美國獨立宣言(Declaration Independence)；林肯總統在蓋茲堡演講(Gettysburg Address)中亦有引用此名言。
• grammar:
  Why isn't "All men are created equally"?
  If you say: "All men are created equally", your focus is on the verb "to create", or the process of the creation- how all men are created, that's not the meaning of the phrase.
  使用equally，則重點在於create創造的過程。
  We say "All men are created equal" because talking about the results of creation, how the created man are all equal, and not one man ... to another.
  使用equal，便是指人被創造出來後所擁有的地位，與其它的人是平等的。

【Lanugage Tips】

1. avid adj. 熱心的，衝勁十足的
   ex:
   1. Mark is an avid baseball fan. He collects so many baseball cards.
   2. Sean made an avid effort to impress his future mother-in-law.
   - make an avid effort to~ 使盡全力去作某事
   - impress someone 使某人有好印象
   - future mother-in-law 未來的岳母
2. in the market for (something) [idiom] adj-phr. 想買某樣東西
   (market 市場)
   ex:
   1. Dad is in the market for a van.
   - van 休旅車
   2. Althrough this house is really nice, we're not in the market for such a big house.
   - be not in the market for~ 沒有要買某物的打算
3. platform n. 平台；舞台；(本文)電腦介面
   ex:
   1. This kind of graphic software can be used with almost any Windows platform.
   2. This program runs(運作) on Macintosh system platforms.

Studio Classroom- September 30- [Ask The Expert] Getting Paid to Watch Movies

【Chat Room】

• the rest is history [idiom]
  字面意義：其餘都是歷史，意即"故事說到這裡，以下就是大家所熟悉的歷史，因為歷史路人皆知"；其餘的事大家都知道的，不必多說。
  - This idiom means everyone knows the rest the story, there is no need to ..., explain his current job in Vairety, so we can use this idiom when we are telling a story. You tell a story up to the point when the listener know the rest of the story, in the fact point, you can say "Well, the rest is history".
• other idioms used the word "history":
  1. make history 創造歷史，作名垂青史的大事
  - If you are making history, you are doing something is very important that will be remember for a long time.
  2. = history in the making 同意義，但時態上不同(現代式)，表示正在創造歷史，偉大的事情正在發生
  - It refer to something very important is happening right now.

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  For better and for worse, the internet has demacratized journalism, and that extends to film criticism as well.
• "for better and for worse" comes from the idiom "for better or for worse"
• for better or for worse:
  - It just means whether the situation is good or bad, or whether the outcome is good or bad.
  - You will use this idiom when you want to clear find how something will still be done no matter what the outcome might be.
  - ex: For better or for worse, always treat people with respect.
• However, in the case of today's sentence, the meaning is a little different basically, it just means: the internet has demacratized journalism in good ways and in bad ways, and that extends to film criticism as well.
• So,
  if you want to talk about how it doesn't matter what the result or consequence are good or bad, use "for better or for worse",
  if you want add ... and point out how a action will bring both food and bad results, then use "for better and for worse".

【Language Tips】

1. compulsion n. 難以抗拒的衝動
   ex:
   1. She felt a compulsion to go to her boss' office and quit.
   2. He suddenly had the compulsion to tell everyone the truth.
2. requisite adj. 需要的，不可少的 / n. 要素，必需品(例句3)
   ex:
   1. She lacks the requisite skills for the jobs.
   - the requisite skills 必備技能
   2. All the requisite documents should be attached with the application form.
   3. A good map is a requisite for travelling.
3. fashion v. 形成，塑造成
   ex:
   1. He fashioned the clay into a vase.(將陶土塑造成花瓶)
   2. The director has fashioned a satisfying movie from this June Austin novel.
   - fashion a movie 拍成一部電影

Studio Classroom- September 29- [Ask The Expert] Getting Paid to Watch Movies

【Chat Room】

• 本日討論重點：movie critics
• We need to be aware of kind of critic for talking about, one we use critic in a gerneral sense, we are refering to someone who are always finds fault the things.
• critic
  1. 批評者-like to critize 喜歡批評、挑剔、指責
  2. 亦可指批評家、評論家，可針對事物褒之或貶之，例如劇評、書評、影評
  --Critic can also refer people who's job is to write their own opinion about the book, the movie, the plays, like the professional movie critics in our lesson today.
• What a critic write?
  (a) criti'que n. 評論 A critic writes critiques.
• constructive criticism 建設性的批評，善意的批評，為了幫助他人有更好的表現
  - There's also criticism that tend to be helpful, we call it constructive criticism.
  - Being constructive is helping someone build something. And when you get constructive criticism, you get someone's advice how to make improvement.

【Language Tips】

1. critically adv. 具有批判性地、有鑑別力地
   (critical adj. 批判性的)
   ex:
   1. As a researcher, Peter was trained to think critically.
   2. The author of this critically acclaimed novel is nominated for the Nobel Prize.
   - critically acclaimed 大受評論界好評
2. in question [idiom] 考慮中的(under consideration)，討論中的(been questioned)
   ex:
   1. 本文：It's about writting in a way that captures the experience of watching the film in question.
   2. Steve：The book in question has sold over 1 million copies.
   3. This issue might be important, but it is not the point in question right now. (不是現在要討論的重點)
   4. The interviewee in question is now waiting in the conference room.
   - interviewee 面試者
3. file v. 歸檔；本文指：記者發稿(例1)；提出正式的申請(例2)
   ex:
   1. Our correspondent in Israel filed his report on this incident this morning. (駐以色列的駐外記者)
   2. The company filed for bankruptcy.
   - bankruptcy n. (申請)破產

Studio Classroom- September 25- [Sports] NBA Cares

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  As part of the National Basketball Association's commitment to giving back on a global basis, the league has hosted a range of community activities.
• "on a global basis" means the way something is done.
  In today's sentence, how are things done? They are done globally.
• Use this phrase "on a + adjective + basis", when you want to describe how things are organized.
• ex:
  1. Tiffany has a agree to meet with her trainer once a week.
  We can say: Tiffany is meeting her trainer on a weekly basis.
  2. The members of the local woman's club expect to get a financial update every month.
  We can say: The club members expect to receive a financial update on a monthly basis.

【Chat Room】

• NBA: National Basketball Association 職籃-全國籃球協會
  Major League Baseball 職棒-美國職棒大聯盟
• Q：What's the difference between the "league" and "association"?
  A：They are actually very similar, a group of people they are united together for a common purpose, however, "league" is often used with sport, and "association" can be used for almost any groups. And a league they can ... amount themselves or the members of that league and promote ... interests.
  ex: association of banks 銀行協會
  - "league" 較局限於體育或球隊的聯盟，
  - "association" 涵蓋的範圍較廣，任何社團、協會均可為association
• Q：Who makes up a league?
  A：The most basic level in this structure is players.
  Then a player joins a team, which is a group of players.
  And, the team joins a league, or in this case, a association, the NBA!

【Language Tips】

1. i'nitiative n. 主動的行動；帶頭，率先
   ex:
   1. The government is taking some fresh initiatives to solve the problem of unemployment
   - fresh initiatives 創新、積極的行動
   2. Rick decided to take the initiative and call the interviewer.
   - take the initiative 採取主動
2. umbrella n. 本文：傘狀結構，網狀組織
   ex:
   1. This agency is just a small part of an umbrella charity organization.
   - an umbrella charity organization 網狀慈善機構
   2. This umbrella proposal covers many health care issues.
   - umbrella proposal 全面性的提案
3. pledge v. 承諾，保證支持或給予某東西
   /e/
   *sentence structure:
   - pledge to ~ 保證作某事(例1)
   - pledge + n. (例2)
   ex:
   1. He pledge to give his full support during the election.
   2. The company pledge $100,000 as a donation to the organization.

Studio Classroom- September 24- [People] The Sun Is Shining; The Winds Are Blowing

【Chat Room】

• 搬到異國時需留意到的：
• 1. language barrier 語言障礙
  - means it's hard for people to communicate with each other because they speak different languages.
  - barrier 障礙
  -- to keep someone from being able to do something
• 2. culture barrier 文化障礙
  - means that a person coming from one culture to another may face challenges because he or she is in a different culture.
• to overcome language barrier/culture barrier

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  Many ask tons of questions about the differences between Taipei and Los Angeles.
• "tons" means "a lot"
• In the English language, there are many ways to say "a lot" or "many".
• ex:
  1. plenty: plenty of choices
  2. loads: loads of fun
  3. masses: masses of people
  4. piles: piles of clothes
  5. heaps: heaps of junk
• When you communicated and need to talk about how there are lots of certain things, trying to use different words to add variety to your message, trying not to repeat the same word again and again, because this can make your words sound boring or uninteresting.

【Language Tips】

1. academic adj. 學術上的，學業上的
   ex:
   1. You need to have execllent academic record in order to be accepted by this university.
   - to be accepted by~ 被~錄取
   2. The professor's academic achievement was not fully recognized until recently.
2. orientation n. 幫助新生或新進人員適應的課程或訓練(職前訓練)
   (orient v. 使適應，使熟悉)
   ex:
   1. Freshmen orientation day will be on September 1st.
   2. New employees need to attend our 3-day orientation.
3. unique adj. 獨特的，獨一無二的
   (uni- 單一的)
   ex:
   1. His unique directing style is well received in Europe.
   - unique directing style 獨特的導演手法
   - be well received 備受青睞
   2. This kind of butterfly is a species unique in Taiwan.
   - a species unique 獨特的品種

Studio Classroom- September 22- [Animal Tales] Dusty Earns His Keep

【Chat Room】

• 上床，就寢
  ┌ hit the sack
  - sack/hay: 帆布，麻布製的大袋子，裡頭裝滿hay-乾草
  └ hit the hay
  - ex: It's time to hit the hay.
• a power nap 像充電一樣的睡眠，使恢復活力，提高工作效率
  - a power nap gives you "power" or energy, like quickly charging buttery.

【Language Tips】

1. earn one's keep 賺自己的生活費
   (earn 賺取；keep 生活費)
   ≠ earn a living 以此來謀生
   ex:
   She babysits her neighbor's kids to earn her keep.
2. trot v. 小跑，急行 (trot/trotted/trotted, trotting)
   /a/
   ex:
   1. The horse was trotting through the woods.
   2. We trotted along the beach, while walking our dog.
3. bellow v. 動物大聲吼叫或嘶吼
   /倒3/
   [比] below prep. 在什麼之下
   ex:
   1. The horse bellowed and started to run wildly.
   - run wildly 狂奔
   2. You can hear the sergeant bellowing at the rookies.
   - sergeant n. (美國軍隊) 士官的階級；士官長 [比] sur.geon n. 外科醫生
   - rookie n. 新兵, 新徵募的兵

Studio Classroom- September 21- [Health] Students Have a Ball

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  Former teacher Lisa Witt felt so strongly about the use of ball as chairs, she started WittFitt.
• "feel so strongly about..." here doesn't mean "to feel strong"(ex: Jake always felt strong after exercising in the gym.)
• "to feel strongly about..." means to believe in the importance or value of something.
  = Former teacher Lisa Witt firmly believed in the use of balls as chairs, so she started WittFitt.
• ex:
  1. They feel strongly about protecting the environment.
  2. Miranda feels strongly about finishing school before getting married.
• What if you have strong negative feeling about something, then we can use the pharse "to feel strongly against..."
  ex:
  1. Richard feels strongly against racial discrimination.
  2. Jack feels strongly against animal abuse.

【Chat Room】

• states 州 : There are 50 us states.
• provinces 省 : Canada has 10 provinces, they also have three other areas called "terriroties", are Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon.
  - territory 地區 *Puerto Rico is a territory belong into the United States.
• provincial adj. 相對於首都、大都市而言，地方的或鄉下的
  - can discribe anything having to do with province, like a provincial law, but it can also describe someone or something that is limited and prespected, or is narrow-minded.
  -- narrow-minded 氣量小的，小心眼的

【Language Tips】

1. replace vt. 再放一次→取代，替換 - replace A with B :用B替換A(例2)
   (place 放置)
   ex:
   1. Herry got replaced when he became ill.
   2. The company will replace all PCs with notebooks.
2. posture n. 體態，姿勢
   /a/
   ex:
   1. She needs to improve her posture if she wants to be a model.
   2. His bad posture made him uncomfortable.
3. furthermore adv. 而且
   ex:
   1. The car is not big enough for four of us, and furthermore, it's too expensive.
   2. I don't know what Bobby said about me. Futhermore, I don't really care.

Studio Classroom- September 19- [Travel] Sides of Shanghai

【Chat Room】

• Shanghai 大寫→n. 上海
  shanghai 小寫→v. 被騙，被綁架，被強迫工作，意即"被傷害"(中文讀音)
  - to kidnap, to track, to deforce to something
  - a English word came from Chinese
• Other English words come from Chinese:
  1. kowtow 中文：磕頭
  - to kowtow to someone 卑躬屈膝，俸承彩媚
  2. gungho 中文：工合
  - a abbreviation for the Chinese Industry Cooperate Association during World War II in China. 二次大戰時期，有一個中國工業合作社，簡稱"工合"
  - 典故：當時駐守在中國的美國大兵，看到"工合"那些勤奮上進的中國人，他們就用"gungho"來形容熱心起勁的。

【Language Tips】

1. boast v. 以擁有某東西而自豪(例1.2)；自誇，炫耀(例3)
   ex:
   1. Rome boasts historic sites and ancient culture. 羅馬以歷史遺蹟以及古老文化自居
   2. Howaii boasts beautiful beaches, mind weather and friendly locals.
   3. Eve always boasts about her wealth.
2. shabby adj. 破舊的，簡陋的
   ex:
   1. The family lives in a shabby shed near the dump.
   2. The shabby jacket the child wore didn't keep him warm in the winter.
3. restore v. 重建，整修(例1)；重新恢復
   (re- 再一次)
   ex:
   1. The architects spent a great amont of time trying to restore the ancient palace.
   2. After a month of rest, he was fully restored to health.

Studio Classroom- September 18- [Travel] Sides of Shanghai

【Chat Room】

• government official 政府官員，如部長、署長、處長、局長
• high-ranking official 高級官員
• [比] officer:
  1. policeman, form minister, the environmental minister 軍官，警官
  (form a minister 組成內閣)
  2. a person in the military who holds position of authority
  - any person who is opoinent? or ... to office or charge of certain duties is a government officer.
• [比] official adj. 公家的，出自於官方的
  ex:
  1. an official statement 一份正式聲明
  2. official document
  3. Prime Minister's official residence 總理的官邸
  4. official visit to a country 正式訪問某國家

【Language Tips】

1. concession n. 租借地(例1)；讓步，遷就(例2)
   ex:
   1. You can still find some European buildings in the old British concessions in Hong Kong.
   2. Both companies made mutual concessions so the deal can go on.
2. era n. 時期，年代
   ex:
   1. the era of Great Depression 經濟大蕭條的年代
   2. The invention of TVs opened a new era of entertainment. (開啟娛樂的新紀元)
   3. The movie tried to recreate the elegant life style of the bygone era. (過去的年代)
3. attraction n. 吸引力；本文：吸引人的事物或地點
   ex:
   1. The roller-coaster is the most popular attraction in this amusement park.
   - the roller-coaster 雲霄飛車
   - amusement park 主題樂園
   2. Taipei 101 is the main attraction for tourists. (景點)

Studio Classroom- September 15- [Viewpoints] The School Debate

【Chat Room】

• 本日討論重點：getting good grades
• grade n. 年級

  - the level you are acted in school or score

  - score 成績，分數(中文：甲、乙、丙、丁；英文：A B C D E)
• grade v. 打分數，評分 ex: grade papers  / grade tests
• [注意] 大學以後年級不再用"grade"區分，而是使用"year"

  ex: What year are you? 你現在是大學幾年級？
• freshman, sophomore, junior, senior：表大一~大四，或高中9~12年級

【Language Tips】

1. opposite sex 異性  [比] gender 亦指性別(例2)
   ex:
   1. Oliver is very shy when he meets anyone of the opposite sex.
   2. Please fill in your gender on the application form.
2. distraction n. 分心；另人分心的事物
   (v. distract 使分心)
   ex:
   1. Music at the workplace can be a distraction for some people.
   2. The study in my home is a good place go work because it is free from distraction.
   - study 書房
3. cooperatively adv. 合作地，同心協力地
   (v. cooperate 合作)
   ex:
   Our class worked cooperatively to finish this science project and won the title at the fair.
   - win the title 得到首獎

Studio Classroom- September 14- [Culture] Happy Birthday, Barbie!

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句：
  She has been a dentist, a basketball player and pilot, to name a few. 僅舉幾例
• ex:
  1. You need all kinds of things to make this soup: mushrooms, onions, chicken, and spices, to name of few.
  2. The scientist has been invited to speak at man famous universities around the word: Oxford, Yale, and stonford, to name a few.

【Chat Room】
┌ jack-of-all-trades 能夠作很多工作的人；了解很多事且可融會貫通的人

---trade 各種種類的工作或行業

├ handyman 手很巧的人，擅長某種手藝的人
└ multitasking 同時作多件事，一心多用，注意不能用於形容上兩者，因為有能力的人不代表同時作多件事！

【Language Tips】

1. de'but  v.初次登台表演 /n. made one's debut 初試啼聲
         /x/
2. rank v. 位於某種等級 ex: rank first
           n. 等級 ex: the first rank
3. concern vt. 使憂愁，使擔心(例1)；與某人或某事有關(例2)
   ex:
   1. A concern B : A使B擔心
   2. concern us all  與我們息息相關

Studio Classroom- September 16- [Viewpoints] The School Debate

【Grammar on the Go】

• 本日討論例句： In co-ed schools, boys are less likely to enroll in these courses for fear of looking feminine.
  
• "for fear of..." is a idiom that means "in order to avoid looking feminine"
• use this idiom when you want to explain why something is or isn't done.
• ex: 1. Johnny is afraid of getting stuck traffic on his way to the airport.
  We can say: Johnny decided to go to the airport early for fear of getting stuck in traffic.
  2. Karen doesn't want to leave her office because she is waiting for an important phone call.
  We can say: Karen doesn't want to leave her office for fear of missing an important phone call.
  

【Chat Room】

• 本日討論重點：與女性有關的adj.

1. feminine 女性特有的，女子般的，通常表示溫柔的，纖弱的 - usually refers to traditional qualities that females have in the positive sense
   
2. female 女性的，雌性的，通常用來表示人類、動物、植物的性別 (相對: male) - "female" is very ..., and used to show the sex about of person or animal or plant (in contrast with "male")
   
3. womanly 相對於"girly"，指成人女人般的 - is often used to distingulished adult female from a girl, a womanly figure compare to a girlish figure in the postive sence
   
4. womanlike 女人般的，但此字很少使用
   - is not used very often, but is the same thing as "womanly"
   

• [比較] 與男性有關的adj.

1. male 男性的，雄性的
   - is the most ..., like female, for anything that identify with the sex of people, animals and plants
2. masculine 陽剛的
   - is also very..., but is frequently associated with qualities like masculine confidence
3. manly 具有男子氣概，雄糾糾的
   - hold the positive... of masculine, like a ... guy manly strengh
4. [比] manlike 具有人類特性的動物
   - is very different, because we use most often to refer to something that is not human, ex: manlike monkey

【Language Tips】

1. flip side n. 另一面，反面，負面
   (flip-翻；side-面)
   ex:
   1. The flip side of social welfare is that people begin to rely on the government for their money.
   2. The flip side of industrialization is more pollution.
   - industrialization 工業化
   - pollution 污染
2. likewise adv. 反之亦然；同樣地，照樣的
   ex:
   1. We often complained about our parents when we were young. Likewise, our children will complain about us.
   2. I took the flu shot, and I suggest you to do likewise.
   - take the flu shot 打流感疫苗
3. bottom line n. 結果；很重要的事
   ex:
   1. The bottom line is if the company doesn't get this loan, they'll have to end their business.
   2. We might face many problems now, but the bottom line is to make the sales grow.